Deviance A Sociological Perspective - 824 Words

Imagine yourself rich and powerful willing to act on committed crimes done by the individual or protect loved ones. Deviance is used by society to evaluate behaviors that take place during everyday social norms. Usually most individuals agree or conform to certain behavior or actions. Deviance is defined is numerous ways. Researchers believe that deviance is violation of social norms. Some believe deviant behavior is when one is breaking the law or acting out in a negative manner. Individuals use specific words to classify deviant acts from a sociological perspective. There are crimes that are deviant actions and not deviant acts. For example; this could include rape or murder. The book discusses Privileged Deviance being controlled by†¦show more content†¦Many laws are enforced to maintain crimes and protect individuals from violent deviant behaviors. Deviance is conducted based on interactions between individuals and groups. The labeling theory mentions social behavior whe re individuals stay deviant to maintain identity or label. Thio, Taylor, and Schwartz state â€Å"the word interaction deviance is a human activity involving more than one person’s act† (Thio, et. al, 2013, p. 35). The theory suggests individuals to reflect on their behaviors and how others view them. The labeling theory could be linked to the symbolic interaction foundation perspective. Understanding deviance and criminal behavior is approached through the labeling theory. The deviant act begins with the hypothesis that no act is essentially criminal. Criminality is recognized by individuals who feel powerful through the design of laws and the interpretation of law enforcement. Deviance is handled by the interaction between deviant and nondeviant actions and how the criminality is interpreted. Individuals, who represent force of law or order, could offer the main source of labeling. For example; this could include police, courts, or school authorities. Labeling indivi duals and understanding deviance hypothesis specific people who reinforce power based on class level and demands are likely to bypass committed crimes. Defining specific deviance and comprehending deviant behaviors labels privileged deviance as wealthy individuals, by menShow MoreRelatedThe Sociological Perspective On Deviance1795 Words   |  8 PagesAssessment Criminology By Kayla Dunn 10/10/2017 When defining deviance, it’s a behavior that is recognized as violating expected rules and norms and behavior that departs significantly from social expectations. In the sociological perspective on deviance, there is subtlety that distinguishes it from our commonsense understanding of the same behavior. Sociologists stress social context, not just individual behavior. That is, deviance is looked at in terms of group processes, definitions, and judgmentsRead MoreSociological Perspectives Of Crime And Deviance1818 Words   |  8 Pageswhy sociology and the theories that go along with it can explain many of reasons people act the way they do in their societal context and situations. The most of what occurs in the film American Gangster can be explained by these theoretical perspectives of crime in sociology. The successes and failures pictured in the movie are explored more thoroughly by using theories such as differential opportunity, anomie, differential association, etc. Though he is eventually caught by Officer Richie RobertsRead MoreThe Concept of Sociological Perspective of Deviance Essays1127 Words   |  5 PagesThe concept of Sociological Perspective of Deviance also known as â€Å"rule-breaking† behavior or â€Å"counter culture† can be defined as culture norms, values, and morals which shape the social acceptance of individuals or group through their actions or â€Å"unmoral or illegal† behavior. In order to gain a better understanding of Sociological Perspective of Deviance it is important to understand the broad consensus of behavior and its place in society. Situational deviance pertains to a group who engagesRead MoreSocial Deviance : A Sociological Perspective On Deviant And Criminal Behavior Within Sociology1160 Words   |  5 Pageshere are my thoughts! Social deviance is the study of the violation of cultural norms in either formal or informal contexts. Social deviance is a phenomenon that has existed in all societies with norms. Sociological theories of deviance are those that use social context and social pressures to explain deviance. You’ll find these in your readings for this week. Think of the diagram for a functionalist approach to deviance: Great post! You did a nice job defining deviance as a whole. A theory closelyRead MoreThe Theory Of Body Types, And The Y Chromosome Theory1194 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Sociology March 26, 2016 Deviance Many different theories exist regarding deviance. Biological, psychological, and sociological perspectives have applied their different thought processes to produce many theories. Some of these ideas have been discredited, however some remain significant today. Sociological theories differ from biological and psychological theories by looking at external factors rather than internal ones. Biological theories on deviance are the result of looking for answersRead MoreDeviance Theory Analysis Essay1564 Words   |  7 PagesDeviance Theory Analysis - Identify Deviance for situations and explain Within any given society, individuals are expected to behave and or conduct themselves in a given acceptable manner. However, there are instances when particular individuals act contrary to the set standards and violate the cultural norms. Such acts may include acts of crime, theft, defiance, breaking of rules, and truancy just to mention a few. Deviance could thus be viewed as the intentional or accidental violation of theRead MoreDeviance : Deviance And Deviance1292 Words   |  6 PagesCharacterizing deviance All Sociologists characterize deviant conduct as conduct that is seen as disregarding expected standards and principles. Deviance is significantly more than simply basic non-similarity; it is conduct that hauls out fundamentally from social desires. The sociological meaning of deviance puts accentuation on social connection, not ones conduct. Sociologists view abnormality as far as procedures inside of a gathering, judgements and definitions, not generally as curious individualRead MoreDeviance : Deviance And Deviance987 Words   |  4 PagesQuite frequently in our day-to-day lives we hear the word deviance†, but we never really know the concepts behind it, although, deviance exists in almost every society. It is recognized as a term with many theories behind it which gives an immense range of interpretations of what deviance is and is not. According to Brym and Lie, deviance is defined as â€Å"departure from a norm that evokes a negative reaction from others† (2015:96). In other words, when someone is doing something that the rest of theRead MoreSociology: Value Conflict1346 Words   |  6 Pagesbe free from values is its ability to separate social facts from values. Since sociology is the study of human nature, some sociologists believed that it cannot be obtained. According to Max Weber, individuals view the world from a value laden perspective. It is impossible to exclude feelings, personal views and judgments, since human beings the subject matter for sociology has feelings, emotions and consciousness. Deviant Behavior The concept of a deviant Behavior refers to a sequence of stagesRead MoreCity of God949 Words   |  4 PagesThough my perspective vastly varies from that of sociological theorists, I think we can both conclude that this movie is an extreme representation as to what can occur when society shuns away disadvantaged youths to a place that lacks justice as well as ethical and moral responsibilities. Sociological perspectives regarding crime emphasize the interconnections between conformity and deviance in different social contexts (cite). In the following paper I will attempt to analyze three sociological theories

Capital Budget Recommendation Free Essays

As a dedicated furniture maker and businessman, a clear understanding of the techniques used to assist in capital budgeting is important. There are several techniques used, each having advantages and disadvantages. Within this recommendation, the advantages and disadvantages of each technique will be briefly discussed. We will write a custom essay sample on Capital Budget Recommendation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Additionally, discuss how each technique will assist in determining the desirable capital budget technique to recommend. Concluding with a course of action Mr. Navallez should take, along with calculation to support the recommended course of action. Capital budget techniques Several techniques can be used to analyze an opportunity to invest in capital. Net Present Value (NPV) allows decision makers to analyze the present value (cost) of a capital investment and determine if the investment will compensate the cash outflow used for capital investment by an excess of the desired rate of return. Management â€Å"wants to know the rate of return to expect from investing†, therefore, will â€Å"use the internal rate of return method. (Edmonds, Edmonds, Olds, McNair, Schnieder, p. 1156) The internal rate of return produces the actual rate of return on an investment; where as, net present value allows management to select the desired rate of return on an investment. A simple and straightforward technique is the payback period; as the name suggests â€Å"payback† this technique â€Å"shows how long it will take to recover the initial cash outflow (the cost) of an investment. † (Edmonds, Edmonds, Olds, McNair, Schnieder, p. 164) Although, the payback period furnishes the time period when the cost is likely to be recovered, the technique does not illustrate compensation in excess of the initial cash outflow or assist in evaluating different prospective capital investments. Additionally, modified internal rate of return technique shows the adjusted rate of return based on the expected return on investment after taxes, however, does not calculate compensation or assist in evaluation of alternatives. For the purpose of the recommendation further discussion o f net present value and internal rate of return assist in determining the desired course of action Mr. Navallez should acquire. The two techniques demonstrate the ability to compare the two prospective investments Mr. Navallez is considering. With reference to each prospective investment within this recommendation each will be referenced as Alternative 1 and Alternative 2. Alternative 1 is the purchase of automated high-tech machinery and Alternative 2 is becoming a representative. Net preset value vs. internal rate of return Net present value (NPV) is determined by â€Å"subtracting the cost of the investment from the present value of the future cash inflows. † (Edmonds, Edmonds, Olds, McNair, Schnieder, p. 156) The future cash inflow is a calculation that is computed by taking the future annual cash inflow of the investment (payments), number of periods, and desired rate of return. Two outcomes are determined by the use of this technique, a high rate of return or a below rate of return. The most favorable outcome is a high rate of return; a high rate of return indicates the future cash inflow of an investment is worth the current cash outflow (cost of the investment). In use, the cost of the automated machinery subtracted from present value of the future cash inflows will show the net present value of the investment. Cash inflow consists of representative fees, working capital recovery due to the decrease in labor and manufacturing cost. Net present value will show whether the prospective investment will compensate in excess of the desired rate of return. Internal rate of return is a desire rate, also called hurdle rate, or cutoff rate, or minimum rate set by the organization as the expected return on the investment. â€Å"The rate of return is the rate at which the present value of cash inflows equals the cash outflows. † (Edmonds, Edmonds, Olds, McNair, Schnieder, p. 1156) â€Å"The higher internal rate of return, the more profitable the investment. (Edmonds, Edmonds, Olds, McNair, Schnieder, p. 1160) The internal rate of return is calculated by taking the total values (cash inflow and outflow) and â€Å"guess† (rate of return). This technique assist in the decision making process because once the internal rate of return is determined, the desired investment can easily be decid ed. Taking the cash outflow and inflow from each alternative and the desired rate of return will offer the best comparison as which investment will present a return favorable. Recommendation The recommendation Mr. Navallez should take is alternative 1. Alternative 1 offers the best return on investment. The use of the net present value techniques presents the desired return on investment. Net present value over internal rate of return presents the expected return on cash outflows for the cost of the investment, thus allowing management to â€Å"compute a present value index. † (Edmonds, Edmonds, Olds, McNair, Schnieder, p. 1160) Assume the desired rate of return is 8% over 10 periods, alternative 1 cash inflow would be $421,834 with cash outflow being $323,091 and alternative 2 cash inflow of $314,057 with cash outflow being $283,930. The present value of alternative 1 is $98,743 and alternative 2 is $30,127. Alternative 1 yields a higher rate of return, however, taking it a step further to confirm alternative 1 is the best investment the present value index offers an additional comparison of the two investments. Present value index is calculated by dividing cash inflows from cash outflows, â€Å"the higher the ratio, the higher the rate of return per dollar invested into the proposed project. † (Edmonds, Edmonds, Olds, McNair, Schnieder, p. 1160) Alternative 1 ratio 1. 306 and alternative 2 ratio 1. 106; thus confirming alternative 1 the best investment and the most profitable for Mr. Navallez. How to cite Capital Budget Recommendation, Papers Capital Budget Recommendation Free Essays Capital Budget Recommendation ACC/543 November 19, 2012 Fred Johnston Capital budget evaluation techniques are used to determine if cash inflows are enough to repay the company for the cost of assets, cost of financing the asset, and a rate of return that would compensate the company for any errors made during the estimation of cash flows (â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques†, n. d. ). We will write a custom essay sample on Capital Budget Recommendation or any similar topic only for you Order Now When using evaluation techniques it is best to use more than one perspective so as not to produce biased results (Edmonds, Chapter 24, 2007). The time value of money assumes that the present value of a dollar in the future is less than a dollar today (Edmonds, Chapter 24, 2007). To make sure that cash outflows and cash inflows are comparable the present value of the future cash flows are restated to â€Å"today’s dollars† (â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques†, n. d. ). This in turn allows a company to determine if the investment will be beneficial considering the cost. The present value technique uses a discount rate and the present value of future cash inflows minus the present value of cash outflows to determine the net present value of the investment. If the net present value is determined to be positive, the investment is considered to yield a rate of return higher than the anticipated percent, thus, providing the company more than enough to repay the investment (Edmonds, Chapter 24, 2007). If the net present value is determined to be negative, the investment is less than the anticipated percentage. Therefore, the investment will not yield a rate of return, and would be a bad investment for the company. If the net present value is zero, the company would break even on the investment so it would then be at their discretion to determine whether they would invest or not (â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques†, n. d. ). According to â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques† , (n. d. ) â€Å"The internal rate of return method is the most commonly used method for evaluating capital budgeting proposals† (24). The internal rate of return method is the rate that the present value of cash inflows equals the cash outflows (Edmonds, Chapter 24, 2007). It is the rate of return that investors expect to earn on an investment (â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques†, n. . ). It is calculated using a trial and error technique as there is no formula to determine the internal rate of return (â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques†, n. d. ). Understanding the time value of money will allow Guillermo Furniture to properly calculate the present value of current and future cash flows. Th is is an important aspect as the value of a dollar to be received in the future is valued less than a dollar today. The present value technique will allow Guillermo Furniture to calculate what the value of the potential investment would be. He would need to determine what the discount rate (the minimum rate of return) would be, and then he could calculate the present value of the future cash inflows minus the present value of cash outflows to determine whether the investment would be beneficial for the company. The internal rate of return, when calculated, would let Guillermo Furniture know what the expected return on investment would be. As the internal rate of return is the same calculation used for other investments such as savings accounts and bonds, this method would be easier for Guillermo Furniture to use and understand. The method I would recommend for Guillermo Furniture to use would be the net present value method. The net present value method may be a little more involved than the Internal rate of return, but it provides a more accurate value for an investment. The net present value assumes that the cash inflows are reinvested to earn the discount rate (â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques†, n. d. ). Although the internal rate of return also assumes the cash inflows are reinvested, the net present value method is more realistic as the internal rate of return can potentially be very high on some projects (â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques†, n. d. ). Another reason the net present value would be more beneficial for Guillermo Furniture is that the internal rate of return can have more than one solution. This will happen if the cash flows change from positive one year to negative in the next year (â€Å"Capital Budgeting Techniques†, n. d. ). The net present value method will provide a much more reliable and accurate calculation for an investment. References: Capital Budgeting Techniques. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://campus. murraystate. edu/academic/faculty/lguin/fin330/capbudtechniques. htm Edmonds, T. P. (2007). Fundamental Financial and Managerial Accounting Concepts. Retrieved from 24. How to cite Capital Budget Recommendation, Essay examples

Woman plead with him! Essay Example For Students

Woman plead with him! Essay In general, I believe that The Crucible was a well-directed, well-casted and well- performed play, especially given the relatively short time in which it was prepared. It was very enjoyable to be a part of, however I have no personal experience of how entertaining to the audience it was. There were many good elements, but also a few weak points in it. Although I did not see Act 1 in any of the performances, as I was backstage, I saw it many times in the rehearsals anyway. I felt that the overall characterisation was effective; the characters all seemed to portray their roles successfully. For example, Ed (Hale) came across as a sympathetic character, whos desperation to save Proctor grows throughout acts 3 and 4. One example of this is the line Excellency, it is enough he confess himself. Let him sign it, let him sign it. Eds hurried manner of speaking made him sound desperate as Hale is supposed to be in the play. This defensive manner is consistent throughout acts 3 and 4, showing how Hale is determined to save Proctors life. This desperation is shown in greater intensity in the line Woman plead with him! Woman, it is pride, it is vanity. Be his helper! What profit him to bleed? Shall the dust praise him? Shall the worms declare his truth? Go to him, take his shame away! This is portrayed well, as Ed looks very desperate and pleading. Ed is just one example of the good characterisation, and in my opinion, the best. He really seemed to be in the play, not just acting it. There was generally a high standard of characterisation, Danforth (Aryan) being one of the top few. He seemed genuinely angry as he yelled some of his lines out. One that really stood out for me was Ill have no more from you Mr. Parris. He seemed very angry, and irritated by Parriss interruption. This was not simply a case of more volume, but was a good contrast in tones, which depicted Danforths fractious state very well. The third and final example of excellent characterisation is Abigail (Marianne). She represented Abigails threatening nature very well. Personally, I believe the best line to show this was Let you beware, Mr. Danforth. Think you to be so mighty that the power of Hell may not turn your wits? Beware of it She seemed very threatening and angry, due to the sharp pronunciation and emphasis. In general, most of the actors seemed to portray their characters reactions well, at events and words, not just when they had a certain part to portray in a line, although these three in particular stood out. For example, when certain words were said, there tended to be a reaction by everyone on stage, although these reactions were overdone at times, particularly towards the end. The vocal elements of the play were generally of a high standard, with a general good sense of high energy. This was not entirely consistent, however, as there were some occasions when there was a lot of good speech, with feeling and loud enough for everyone in the audience to hear. There were, nevertheless, times when there was too little energy, and the actors and actresses were too quiet for the whole audience to hear. There were two occasions like this obvious to me, most probably because I was there at the time leading them out. They were both said when the actresses were being led offstage, which could be a reason for the lack of energy. The first was when Elizabeth Proctor (Steph) said Oh, God in response to Proctor (Sam) saying Elizabeth, I have confessed it! She seemed almost to mutter it, and I believe this is because she was facing away from the audience, and it was a line showing a defeated feeling. In my opinion, she could have said it just as well louder, so that the audience could have heard it. The second is when Rebecca Nurse (Jess) says Ive had no breakfast after being thrown into Proctor. This is quiet partly because of Rebecca Nurse is supposed to be weak (but trying to hide it), and also because of it is an insignificant line, not said to the audience, so there is no real motivation to say it loudly. .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 , .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .postImageUrl , .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 , .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80:hover , .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80:visited , .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80:active { border:0!important; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80:active , .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80 .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7950f4b5a3977d36f3ee583110168c80:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How does HG Wells use language in the novel "The Time Machine" to teach us about his vision of the future EssayThe Friday performance was the best of the three when it came to energy, and the Oh, God line was a bit louder, however words were muddled. Two lines that I knew went wrong were: when Aryan was supposed to say Tear of pity he said Pier of titty. This, despite being only one line, was a very obvious mistake, and at the time Aryan was, understandably, quite upset. The other line was simply a wrong word, which didnt change the meaning. This was when Jess said Ive had no food instead of Ive had no breakfast. This was very trivial, however, and didnt interrupt the flow of the play. Another thing that went wrong was the girls mimicking, as Abby, Im here! was said twice, although this was not the fault of the girls copying, but Caritas fault for saying it twice. Throughout the play, in all performances, there were small areas missed out, although the audience would not have picked these up. Personally, I believe that the cut off lines, i.e. when Elizabeth I have no-, could have been improved. In this line particularly, the cut-off seemed too forced, as she did not seem as if she was going to say anything else afterwards. Also, a few of the cut-off lines in other areas were forced, which stood out when the interrupter cut in late, but the original speaker did not continue the line, so they stopped as if interrupted, and were only interrupted a few seconds after they had cut off. In my opinion, these times really shattered the illusion of a real world, and were as a large buffer to the continuity to the play.  Aside from the faults already mentioned, the vocal elements of the play were generally good, and the lines were all learnt; it wasnt the knowledge of the lines that messed up, only the way they came out.

To Kill A Mockingbird Essays (650 words) - To Kill A Mockingbird

To Kill A Mockingbird I've never been to Alabama, but novelist Harper Lee made me feel as if I had been there in the long, hot summer of 1935, when a lawyer named Atticus Finch decided to defend an innocent black man accused of a horrible crime. The story of how the whole town reacted to the trial is told by the lawyer's daughter, Scout, who remembers exactly what it was like to be eight years old in 1935, in Macomb, Alabama. Scout is the reason I loved this book, because her voice rings so clear and true. Not only does she make me see the things she sees, she makes me feel the things she feels. There's a lot more going on than just the trial, and Scout tells you all about it. A man called Boo Radley lives next door. Very few people have ever seen Boo, but Scout and her friends have a lot of fun telling scary stories about him. The mystery about Boo Radley is just one of the reasons you want to keep turning the pages to find out what happens in To Kill a Mockingbird. Scout and her big brother, Jem, run wild and play games and have a great time while their father is busy with the trial. One of their friends is a strange boy called Dill. Actually Dill isn't really so strange once you get to know him. He says things like I'm little but I'm old, which is funny but also pretty sad, because some of the time Dill acts more like a little old man than a seven?year?old boy. To Kill a Mockingbird is filled with interesting characters like Dill, and Scout makes them all seem just as real as the people in your own hometown. Here's how Scout describes Miss Caroline, who wore a red?striped dress: She looked and smelled like a peppermint drop. Dill, Boo, and Jem are all fascinating, but the most important character in the book is Scout's father, Atticus Finch. You get the idea that Scout is writing the story down because she wants the world to know what a good man her dad was, and how hard he tried to do the right thing, even though the deck was stacked against him. The larger theme of the story is about racial intolerance, but Scout never tries to make it a lesson, it's simply part of the world she describes. That's why To Kill a Mockingbird rings true, and why it all seems so real. The trial of the wrongly accused Tom Robinson takes place during the time of segregation, when black people were not allowed to socialize with white people. In that era, when a white man said a black man committed a crime, the black man was presumed to be guilty. The law required that they have a trial, but everybody knew the defendant was going to be convicted. Atticus Finch, the quiet hero of the book, tries to persuade the jury that bigotry is wrong. His words are eloquent and heartfelt. He demonstrates that Tom Robinson couldn't possibly have assaulted the victim. Atticus even reveals the identity of the real villain, which enrages a very dangerous enemy. This act of courage endangers not only Atticus Finch but his family as well. They become the target of hate mongers and bigots. Even though the story took place many years ago, you get the idea that parts of it could happen today, in any town where people distrust and fear each other's differences. In a just world an innocent man should be found not guilty. But if you want to know what this particular jury finally decides and what happens to Scout, Jem, Dill, and Boo Radley and the rest of the people who live and breathe in To Kill a Mockingbird, you'll have to read the book! Book Reports

Immigration in the US essays

Immigration in the US essays Girl" was first published in 1983 in At the Bottom of the River, a collection of stories which won the Morton Dauwen Zabel Award from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. "Girl" is a short piece that shows the dialogue between an older woman and a younger girl, probably a mother and her adolescent daughter. In the piece, the mother instructs her daughter on many subjects, from cooking and cleaning to social skills and love. Despite its brevity, "Girl" is a work which accurately and intimately portrays a mother-daughter relationship and The title of the piece, "Girl", is an integral part of the work itself. The title serves several purposes. First, the title represents the age of the daughter. She is not a woman, not yet on her own, but a girl, still dependent on another, still with much to learn. Second, the title represents the mother's perception of her daughter. She does not consider her a woman or a young lady, but a naive girl in need of constant instruction and supervision. A third purpose of the title is that it represents the daughter's struggle to find her own emerging identity in the shadow of her mother and the shadow of the identity her mother wants her to take on. She is not named in the piece, nor is her place defined; she is not "daughter", "sister", "mother", or "wife", but "girl". "Girl" depicts the mother-daughter relationship that appears when the daughter reaches adolescence, a time of great change in the relationship. Kincaid uses Caribbean idioms and speech patterns to lend realism to the dialogue. The dialogue borders on monologue on the part of the mother. The girl is hardly able to squeeze in a word, having only two brief sentences in the entire work. Very likely, however, this is not even one speech by the mother, but a compilation of several bits of advice. To the daughter's ears, the plethora of advice and rules ...

Extinct Political Parties of the 1800s

Extinct Political Parties of the 1800s The two major political parties of modern America can both trace their origins back to the 19th century. The longevity of the Democrats and Republicans appears quite remarkable when we consider that other parties existed alongside them in the 19th century before fading into history. The extinct political parties of the 1800s include organizations which were successful enough to put candidates in the White House. There were also others that were just doomed to inevitable obscurity. Some of them live on in political lore as oddities, or fads which are difficult to understand today. Yet many thousands of voters did take them seriously and they enjoyed a legitimate moment of glory before disappearing. Here is a listing of some significant political parties which  are no longer with us, in roughly chronological order: Federalist Party The Federalist Party is considered the first American political party. It advocated a strong national government, and prominent Federalists included John Adams and Alexander Hamilton. The Federalists did not build a sustaining party apparatus, and the partys defeat, when John Adams ran for a second term in the election of 1800, led to its decline. It essentially ceased to be a national party after 1816. The Federalists came under considerable criticism as they tended to oppose the War of 1812. Federalist involvement with the 1814  Hartford Convention, in which delegates suggested splitting New England states from the United States, essentially finished the party. (Jeffersonian) Republican Party The Jeffersonian Republican Party, which, of course, supported Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1800, was formed in opposition to the Federalists. The Jeffersonians tended to be more egalitarian than the Federalists. Following Jeffersons two terms in office, James Madison won the presidency on the Republican ticket in 1808 and 1812, followed by James Monroe in 1816 and 1820. The Jeffersonian Republican Party then faded away. The party was not a forerunner of the present day Republican Party. At times it was even called a name which seems contradictory today, the Democratic-Republican Party. National Republican Party The National Republican Party supported John Quincy Adams in his unsuccessful bid for reelection in 1828 (there had been no party designations in the election of 1824). The party also supported Henry Clay in 1832. The general theme of the National Republican Party was opposition to Andrew Jackson and his policies. The National Republicans generally joined the Whig Party in 1834. The National Republican Party was not a forerunner of the Republican Party, which formed in the mid-1850s. Incidentally, during the years of the John Quincy Adams administration, an adept political strategist from New York, future president Martin Van Buren, was organizing an opposition party. The party structure Van Buren created with the intent of making a coalition to elect Andrew Jackson in 1828 became the forerunner of todays Democratic Party. Anti-Masonic Party The Anti-Masonic Party formed in upstate New York in the late 1820s, following the mysterious death of a member of the Masonic order, William Morgan. It was believed that Morgan was killed before he could reveal secrets about the masons and their suspected influence in American politics. The party, while seemingly based on conspiracy theory, gained adherents. The Anti-Masonic Party actually held the first national political convention in America. Its convention in 1831 nominated William Wirt as its presidential candidate in 1832. Wirt was an odd choice, having once been a mason. While his candidacy was not successful, he did carry one state, Vermont, in the electoral college. Part of the appeal of the Anti-Masonic Party was its fiery opposition to Andrew Jackson, who happened to be a mason. The Anti-Masonic Party faded into obscurity by 1836 and its members drifted into the Whig Party, which also opposed the policies of Andrew Jackson. Whig Party The Whig Party was formed to oppose Andrew Jacksons policies and came together in 1834. The party took its name from a British political party which had opposed the king, as the American Whigs said they were opposing King Andrew. The Whig candidate in 1836, William Henry Harrison, lost to the Democrat Martin Van Buren. But Harrison, with his log cabin and hard cider campaign of 1840, won the presidency (though he would only serve for a month). The Whigs remained a major party throughout the 1840s, winning the White House again with Zachary Taylor in 1848. But the party splintered, mainly over the issue of slavery. Some Whigs joined the Know-Nothing Party, and others, most notably Abraham Lincoln, joined the new Republican party in the 1850s. Liberty Party The Liberty Party was organized in 1839 by anti-slavery activists who wanted to take the abolitionist movement and make it a political movement. As most leading abolitionists were adamant about being outside politics, this was a novel concept. The party ran a presidential ticket in 1840 and 1844, with James G. Birney, a former slaveholder from Kentucky as their candidate. The Liberty Party drew meager numbers, garnering only two percent of the popular vote in 1844. It has been speculated that the Liberty Party was responsible for splitting the anti-slavery vote in New York state in 1844, thereby denying the states electoral vote to Henry Clay, the Whig candidate and assuring the election of the slave-owning James Knox Polk. But that assumes Clay would have drawn all the votes cast for the Liberty Party. Free Soil Party The Free Soil Party came into being in 1848 and was organized to oppose the spread of slavery. The partys candidate for president in 1848 was former president Martin Van Buren. Zachary Taylor of the Whig Party won the 1848 presidential election, but the FreeSoil Party did elect two senators and 14 members of the House of Representatives. The motto of the Free Soil Party was Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor and Free Men. After Van Burens defeat in 1848, the party faded and members were eventually absorbed into the Republican Party when it formed in the 1850s. The Know-Nothing Party The Know-Nothing Party emerged in the late 1840s as a reaction to immigration to America. After some success in local elections with campaigns rife with bigotry, former president Millard Fillmore ran as the Know-Nothing candidate for president in 1856. Fillmores campaign was a disaster and the party soon dissolved. Greenback Party The Greenback Party was organized at a national convention held in Cleveland, Ohio in 1875. The formation of the party was prompted by difficult economic decisions, and the party advocated the issuing of paper money not backed by gold. Farmers and workers were the partys natural constituency. The Greenbacks ran presidential candidates in 1876, 1880, and 1884, all of whom were unsuccessful. When economic conditions improved, the Greenback Party faded into history.

Micro and Macro Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Micro and Macro Economics - Assignment Example The scarcity has been brought about by the natural gas and oil boom. The laborers are forgoing other business jobs and offers for the oil jobs. In this case, there is scarcity in labor and the opportunity cost is the labor to be offered in other sectors of the economy. In the news article, there is scarcity in guards and prisoners at times just walk away from prison. As many laborers have opted to oil companies, there have been scarcity in housing and settlements in areas like Woodward. 2. What Are the Factors of Production for the iPod Touch? http://smallbusiness.chron.com/factors-production-ipod-touch-37951.html Chapter 2 terms and definitions: Technology It is a wide concept dealing with a species’ knowledge and usage of crafts and tools, and how it impacts the ability of a species to adapt to and control its environment. As defined in the society of humans, technology is as a result of engineering in science but many technological improvements go before the two notions. Fa ctors of production These are the factors that are employed in the production of commodities with an aim of making economic profit. They are inclusive of Labor, land, entrepreneurship and capital. Without the factors of production there can be no any commodity as these factors are incorporated to yield an economic profit (Mankiw, pp.375) Relevance to article The technology in this article is the iPod touch. The factors of production include: Capital of Apple that outsources physical production in order to reduce costs. IPod touch also get materials from Samsung companies like Samsung. Another factor is labor of iPhone that is inclusive of stateside, internal employees who did the prototyping, design, sales and eventual marketing of the product. There were also external workers who worked in Asian countries. By employing external labor, the company has cut its production costs. Land for the Apple Company comprises of issues that affect available resources to suppliers of Apple in Asi a inclusive of availability and cost of materials like glass and silicon. As they do not own factories, their rent is the amount they pay property owner. Lastly is the entrepreneurship where apple has managed to be popular in the entrepreneurship category. Apple encouraged the efforts to innovate the product line in the apple brand. In design terms, the iPod touch integrated a display that is multi-touch and other elements that increased the financial value of Apple. 3. Short of Money, Egypt Sees Crisis on Fuel and Food http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/31/world/middleeast/egypt-short-of-money-sees-crisis-on-food-and-gas.html?ref=foodprices Chapter 3 terms and definitions: Law of demand The law of demand states that if the price of a good or service increases the demand will fall and if the prices of a good or service is decreased it leads to an increase in demand other factors kept constant (Mankiw, pp.67) Normal good A normal good is that good that its demand increases with an increa se in the income of the buyer and demand decrease with a decrease in income of the consumer. A normal good behaves the in the same manner. Relevance to article In the article Egypt is running out of income meaning that the incomes of the consumers have fallen down. As Egypt imports fuel from other countries there is a shortage as there is low income by the country to purchase fuel. As there are fuel shortages, there is blackout in electricity. The shortages in electricity